Amanita muscaria
Common name:
Fly agaric
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Cantharellus cibarius
Common name:
Chanterelle
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Cantharellales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Lentinula edodes
Common name:
Shiitake mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Gymnopilus junonius
Common name:
Spectacular rustgill
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Coprinellus micaceus
Common name:
Mica cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Amanita pantherina
Common name:
Panther cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Hebeloma crustuliniforme
Common name:
Poison pie
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Coprinus comatus
Common name:
Shaggy ink cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Amanita caesarea
Common name:
Caesar's mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Agaricus silvaticus
Common name:
Scaly wood mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Suillus grevillei
Common name:
Greville's bolete
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Boletus edulis
Common name:
Porcini
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Lactarius deliciosus
Common name:
Saffron milk cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Russulales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Macrolepiota procera
Common name:
Parasol mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Pleurotus ostreatus
Common name:
Oyster mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Armillaria mellea
Common name:
Honey fungus
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Omphalotus illudens
Common name:
Jack-o'lantern
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Tricholoma matsutake
Common name:
Pine mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Agaricus bisporus
Common name:
White mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Trametes versicolor
Common name:
Turkey tail
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Inonotus obliquus
Common name:
Chaga
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Hymenochaetales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Imleria badia
Common name:
Bay bolete
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Tricholoma mongolicum
Common name:
Mongolian row
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Ganoderma tsugae
Common name:
Hemlock varnish shelf
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Fomitopsis betulina
Common name:
Birch polypore
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Ganoderma lucidum
Common name:
Bracket fungus
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Agaricus campestris
Common name:
Field mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Marasmius oreades
Common name:
Fairy ring mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Hydnellum caeruleum
Common name:
Blue tooth
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Thelephorales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Lycoperdon perlatum
Common name:
Common puffball
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Geastrum campestre
Common name:
Earthstar fungi
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Geastrales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Clathrus chrysomycelinus
Common name:
(none)
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Phallales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Irpex rosettiformis
Common name:
Poretooth rosette
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Amanita muscaria
Common name:
Fly agaric
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Cantharellus cibarius
Common name:
Chanterelle
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Cantharellales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Lentinula edodes
Common name:
Shiitake mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Gymnopilus junonius
Common name:
Spectacular rustgill
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Coprinellus micaceus
Common name:
Mica cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Amanita pantherina
Common name:
Panther cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Hebeloma crustuliniforme
Common name:
Poison pie
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Coprinus comatus
Common name:
Shaggy ink cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Amanita caesarea
Common name:
Caesar's mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Agaricus silvaticus
Common name:
Scaly wood mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Suillus grevillei
Common name:
Greville's bolete
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Boletus edulis
Common name:
Porcini
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Lactarius deliciosus
Common name:
Saffron milk cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Russulales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Macrolepiota procera
Common name:
Parasol mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Pleurotus ostreatus
Common name:
Oyster mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Armillaria mellea
Common name:
Honey fungus
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Omphalotus illudens
Common name:
Jack-o'lantern
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Tricholoma matsutake
Common name:
Pine mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Agaricus bisporus
Common name:
White mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Trametes versicolor
Common name:
Turkey tail
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Inonotus obliquus
Common name:
Chaga
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Hymenochaetales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Imleria badia
Common name:
Bay bolete
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Tricholoma mongolicum
Common name:
Mongolian row
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Ganoderma tsugae
Common name:
Hemlock varnish shelf
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Fomitopsis betulina
Common name:
Birch polypore
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Ganoderma lucidum
Common name:
Bracket fungus
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Agaricus campestris
Common name:
Field mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Marasmius oreades
Common name:
Fairy ring mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Hydnellum caeruleum
Common name:
Blue tooth
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Thelephorales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Lycoperdon perlatum
Common name:
Common puffball
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Geastrum campestre
Common name:
Earthstar fungi
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Geastrales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Clathrus chrysomycelinus
Common name:
(none)
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Phallales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Irpex rosettiformis
Common name:
Poretooth rosette
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Amanita muscaria
Common name:
Fly agaric
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Cantharellus cibarius
Common name:
Chanterelle
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Cantharellales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Lentinula edodes
Common name:
Shiitake mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Gymnopilus junonius
Common name:
Spectacular rustgill
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Coprinellus micaceus
Common name:
Mica cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Amanita pantherina
Common name:
Panther cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Hebeloma crustuliniforme
Common name:
Poison pie
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Coprinus comatus
Common name:
Shaggy ink cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Amanita caesarea
Common name:
Caesar's mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Agaricus silvaticus
Common name:
Scaly wood mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Suillus grevillei
Common name:
Greville's bolete
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Boletus edulis
Common name:
Porcini
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Lactarius deliciosus
Common name:
Saffron milk cap
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Russulales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Macrolepiota procera
Common name:
Parasol mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Pleurotus ostreatus
Common name:
Oyster mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Armillaria mellea
Common name:
Honey fungus
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Omphalotus illudens
Common name:
Jack-o'lantern
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Tricholoma matsutake
Common name:
Pine mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Agaricus bisporus
Common name:
White mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Trametes versicolor
Common name:
Turkey tail
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Inonotus obliquus
Common name:
Chaga
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Hymenochaetales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Imleria badia
Common name:
Bay bolete
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Tricholoma mongolicum
Common name:
Mongolian row
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Ganoderma tsugae
Common name:
Hemlock varnish shelf
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Fomitopsis betulina
Common name:
Birch polypore
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Ganoderma lucidum
Common name:
Bracket fungus
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Agaricus campestris
Common name:
Field mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Marasmius oreades
Common name:
Fairy ring mushroom
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Hydnellum caeruleum
Common name:
Blue tooth
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Thelephorales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Lycoperdon perlatum
Common name:
Common puffball
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Geastrum campestre
Common name:
Earthstar fungi
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Geastrales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Clathrus chrysomycelinus
Common name:
(none)
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Phallales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Irpex rosettiformis
Common name:
Poretooth rosette
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Phylum (Fungi): Basidiomycota
Basidiomycota (/bəˌsɪdioʊmaɪˈkoʊtə/) is one of two large divisions that, together with the Ascomycota, constitute the subkingdom Dikarya (often referred to as the "higher fungi") within the kingdom Fungi. More specifically, Basidiomycota includes these groups: mushrooms, puffballs, stinkhorns, bracket fungi, other polypores, jelly fungi, boletes, chanterelles, earth stars, smuts, bunts, rusts, mirror yeasts, and the human pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus. Basidiomycota are filamentous fungi composed of hyphae (except for basidiomycota-yeast) and reproduce sexually via the formation of specialized club-shaped end cells called basidia that normally bear external meiospores (usually four). These specialized spores are called basidiospores. However, some Basidiomycota are obligate asexual reproducers. Basidiomycota that reproduce asexually (discussed below) can typically be recognized as members of this division by gross similarity to others, by the formation of a distinctive anatomical feature (the clamp connection), cell wall components, and definitively by phylogenetic molecular analysis of DNA sequence data.
Classification
A recent classification adopted by a coalition of 67 mycologists recognizes three subphyla (Pucciniomycotina, Ustilaginomycotina, Agaricomycotina) and two other class level taxa (Wallemiomycetes, Entorrhizomycetes) outside of these, among the Basidiomycota. As now classified, the subphyla join and also cut across various obsolete taxonomic groups (see below) previously commonly used to describe Basidiomycota. According to a 2008 estimate, Basidiomycota comprise three subphyla (including six unassigned classes) 16 classes, 52 orders, 177 families, 1,589 genera, and 31,515 species.
Traditionally, the Basidiomycota were divided into two classes, now obsolete:
- Homobasidiomycetes (alternatively called holobasidiomycetes), including true mushrooms
- Heterobasidiomycetes, including the jelly, rust and smut fungi
Previously the entire Basidiomycota were called Basidiomycetes, an invalid class level name coined in 1959 as a counterpart to the Ascomycetes, when neither of these taxa were recognized as divisions. The terms basidiomycetes and ascomycetes are frequently used loosely to refer to Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. They are often abbreviated to "basidios" and "ascos" as mycological slang.